01
The Living World
Chapter article ready
NEET Botany notes
NEET Botany Notes: NCERT Biology Chapters
Botany should feel like the NCERT Biology book, not a random list. This page follows the chapter flow from diversity and plant structure to plant physiology, reproduction, genetics, microbes, and ecology.
Study path
Read the chapter article first, then open the key subtopic pages as the NCERT checklist for deeper revision.
18 chapter articles ready
172 key subtopics mapped
172 subtopic URLs linked
NCERT order
Class 11 Biology: Diversity, Cell Biology, and Plant Physiology
The NCERT base: living world, classification, plant kingdom, plant structure, cell biology, and plant processes.
02
Biological Classification
Chapter article ready
03
Plant Kingdom
Chapter article ready
04
Morphology of Flowering Plants
Chapter article ready
14 subtopics
- The Root — Types & Regions
- Modifications of Root
- The Stem — Functions & Features
- Modifications of Stem
- The Leaf — Parts, Venation, Phyllotaxy
- Modifications of Leaf
- The Inflorescence (Racemose & Cymose)
- The Flower — Parts & Symmetry
- Aestivation & Placentation
- The Fruit — Types
- The Seed — Dicot & Monocot
- Description of Families — Solanaceae
- Description of Families — Fabaceae
- Description of Families — Liliaceae
05
Anatomy of Flowering Plants
Chapter article ready
06
Cell — The Unit of Life
Chapter article ready
07
Cell Cycle and Cell Division
Chapter article ready
08
Photosynthesis in Higher Plants
Chapter article ready
12 subtopics
- Early Experiments on Photosynthesis
- Where Does Photosynthesis Take Place? (Chloroplast)
- Photosynthetic Pigments
- Action Spectrum & Absorption Spectrum
- Light Reaction — PSI, PSII, Z-Scheme
- Splitting of Water
- Cyclic vs Non-Cyclic Photophosphorylation
- Chemiosmotic Hypothesis (in Chloroplast)
- Calvin Cycle (C3 Pathway)
- C4 Pathway & Kranz Anatomy
- Photorespiration
- Factors Affecting Photosynthesis (Blackman's Law)
09
Respiration in Plants
Chapter article ready
10
Plant Growth and Development
Chapter article ready
Class 12 Biology: Reproduction, Genetics, Microbes, and Ecology
Flowering plant reproduction, inheritance, molecular biology, improvement in food production, microbes, and ecology.
01
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
Chapter article ready
13 subtopics
- The Flower — A Fascinating Organ
- Pre-Fertilisation — Stamen, Microsporangium, Pollen Grain
- Pre-Fertilisation — Pistil, Megasporangium, Embryo Sac
- Pollination — Types & Agents
- Outbreeding Devices
- Pollen-Pistil Interaction
- Artificial Hybridisation
- Double Fertilisation
- Post-Fertilisation — Endosperm Development
- Post-Fertilisation — Embryo Development
- Seed Development & Structure
- Fruit Development
- Apomixis & Polyembryony
02
Principles of Inheritance and Variation
Chapter article ready
12 subtopics
- Mendel's Laws of Inheritance — Overview
- Monohybrid Cross & Law of Segregation
- Dihybrid Cross & Law of Independent Assortment
- Incomplete Dominance
- Co-Dominance & Multiple Alleles (ABO Blood Group)
- Pleiotropy
- Polygenic Inheritance
- Sex Determination (Human, Birds, Honeybee)
- Mutation
- Pedigree Analysis
- Mendelian Disorders (Haemophilia, Colour Blindness, Sickle Cell, Thalassemia, PKU)
- Chromosomal Disorders (Down, Klinefelter, Turner)
03
Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Chapter article ready
12 subtopics
- The DNA — Structure
- Packaging of DNA Helix
- The Search for Genetic Material — Griffith, Avery, Hershey-Chase
- RNA World
- DNA Replication — Semi-Conservative Model
- Replication Machinery & Enzymes
- Transcription in Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes
- Genetic Code
- Translation
- Regulation of Gene Expression — Lac Operon
- Human Genome Project
- DNA Fingerprinting
04
Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
Chapter article ready
05
Microbes in Human Welfare
Chapter article ready
06
Organisms and Populations
Chapter article ready
7 subtopics
- Organisms and Their Environment
- Major Abiotic Factors (Temperature, Water, Light, Soil)
- Responses to Abiotic Factors (Regulate, Conform, Migrate, Suspend)
- Adaptations
- Population Attributes (Birth, Death, Sex Ratio, Age Pyramid)
- Population Growth — Exponential & Logistic
- Population Interactions (Predation, Competition, Parasitism, Commensalism, Mutualism, Amensalism)
07
Ecosystem
Chapter article ready
08
Biodiversity and Conservation
Chapter article ready
7 subtopics
- Biodiversity — Three Levels (Genetic, Species, Ecosystem)
- Patterns of Biodiversity (Latitudinal Gradients, Species-Area Relationship)
- Importance of Species Diversity
- Loss of Biodiversity & the Evil Quartet
- Biodiversity Conservation — In-Situ
- Biodiversity Conservation — Ex-Situ
- Biodiversity Hotspots & Sacred Groves